Malaria tablets are not usually part of an Egypt plan now, as Egypt has been certified malaria-free. Bite avoidance still matters. Dengue risk is reported in Egypt, and the mosquitoes that spread it tend to bite during the day as well as around towns and built-up areas. Use repellent, cover up when practical, and choose accommodation with screens or air conditioning where possible. Hepatitis A is commonly recommended for previously unvaccinated travellers because it spreads through contaminated food and water. Tetanus should be up to date, particularly if you may be away from good medical facilities or doing activities where cuts, punctures or scrapes are plausible. Typhoid vaccination may be worth discussing for longer stays, frequent travel, visits to family and friends, or trips where food hygiene is less predictable. Rabies is a risk in Egypt. Most short-stay travellers will not need pre-travel rabies vaccination, but it becomes more relevant for children, runners, cyclists, animal work, longer stays or travel where rapid treatment after a bite may be difficult. Schistosomiasis is easy to overlook. Avoid swimming, wading or washing in untreated freshwater such as rivers, streams and lakes. Properly chlorinated pools and sea water are different. Yellow fever vaccination is not needed for Egypt itself, but proof may be required if you arrive from, or spend more than 12 hours transiting through, a country with yellow fever risk. Some travellers may also need to check polio certificate rules before departure.